Visa källkod för Desmodium pulchellum

[[kategori:Växter och svampar]]
'''Namn:''' synonym till Phyllodium pulchellum

'''Innehåller:''' [[DMT]], [[5-MeO-DMT]], [[Bufotenin]], [[betakarboliner]] m.m.
==Generell information==
Desmodium pulchellum är en 0.5 - 1.5m hög buske som tillhört släktet [[Desmodium]] (numera Phyllodium) i familjen [[Fabaceae]]. Den återfinns naturligt i större delen av [[Södra Asien]] och Oceanien ([[Australien]] m.fl).

Julian Palmer har utvärderat den och kommit fram till att den är oralt aktiv. I videoklippet nedan pekar han ut växten som en möjlig kandidat till den mytomspunna drogen [[Soma]].

Utöver innehållet av psykoaktiva [[tryptaminer]] innehåller den även substanser med medicinska egenskaper, bland användningsområdena kan nämnas avmaskningsmedel, motverkar fibroser i levern, har antiinflammatoriska och antidiabetiska egenskaper, m.m.<ref>[http://www.ijprr.com/File_Folder/203-206%28ijprr%29.pdf Phyllodium Pulchellum: A Potential Medicinal Plant - A Review (Velmurugan et al. 2014)]</ref>. Därtill finns en rad användningsområden (exempelvis mot njursten, reumatism, ögonbesvär) i folkmedicinen som inte har undersökts närmare av forskare ännu.

==Om innehållet==
{{quote|D. pulchellum whole plant from India has yielded 0.3% alkaloids in one test [including, as % of plant, 0.2-0.25% 5-MeO-DMT, and 0.0018% of combined DMT, DMT N-oxide and bufotenine] (Ghosal & Mukherjee 1964); another test also found 0.0004% 5-MeO-DMT N-oxide, 5-MeO-NMT and gramine (Ghosal & Mukherjee 1966<ref>[http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jo01345a047 Indole-3-alkylamine Bases of Desmodium pulchellum (Ghosal & Mukherjee, 1966)] se även [https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/File:Jo01345a047.pdf pdf-version]</ref>). The root of the young seedling has yielded c. 0.27% DMT, 0.011% DMT N-oxide, 0.041% DMT N-methylcation, 0.022% N-methyl-serotonin, traces of 5-MeO-NMT, 0.026% adrenoglomerulotropin and traces of 6-MeO-N-methyl-b-carbolinium salt; root of mature plants yielded 0.067-0.451% DMT, 0.012-0.121% DMT N-oxide, 0.022-0.132% 5-MeO-DMT, 0.013% N-methyl-serotonin, 0.0015% 3-alkylindole, 0.001% 5-OH-3-alkylindole, and traces of bufotenine, bufotenine N-oxide and 2-methyl-pinoline. Stem and leaf of mature plants yielded 0.294% DMT, 0.07% DMT N-oxide, 0.476% 5-MeO-DMT, 0.154% 5-MeO-tryptamine, 0.112% bufotenine and traces of bufotenine N-oxide. Green fruits and ripe seeds yielded 0.001% DMT, up to 0.007% DMT N-oxide and c.0.002% each of 5-MeO-DMT and 5-MeO-tryptamine; harman, tetrahydroharman and pinoline were also found in seeds, harman also in fruits (Ghosal 1972; Ghosal et al. 1972c<ref>[https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/s-0028-1099570 Chemical And Pharmacological Evaluation Of Desmodium Pulchellum (Ghosal et al. 1972)]</ref>). The plant has also yielded hordenine, norharman, 2-methyl-THbC, 2-methyl-b-carbolinium quaternary salt, 1,2-dimethyl-6-MeO-THbC, melinonine F, and canavanine. In dogs, the stem-leaf alkaloids [0.1mg/kg i.v.] caused initial respiratory stimulation, followed by hypotension and severe bronchoconstriction, which resulted in death in some cases; cardiac depression was also observed. Alkaloids of the green fruits and seeds inhibited cholinesterase (Bell et al. 1978; Ghosal 1972; Ghosal & Mukherjee 1966; Ghosal et al. 1970b, 1972c; Harborne et al. ed. 1971; Shulgin & Shulgin 1997).|Garden of Eden}}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Namn !! %
|-
|colspan="2"| Mature stem and leaf (1.4% Total alkaloid)
|-
|Gramine || 0.098%
|-
|N,N-DMT || 0.294%
|-
|DMT-N-oxide || 0.070%
|-
|5-Hydroxy-N-methyltryptamine || 0.056%
|-
|Bufotenine || 0.112%
|-
|Bufotenine-N-oxide || trace
|-
|5-Methoxy-N-methyltryptamine || 0.154%
|-
|5-Methoxy-DMT || 0.476%
|-
|5-Methoxy-DMT-N-oxide || 0.070%
|-
|6-Methoxy-Nb-methyl-H4-β-carboline || 0.028%
|-
|Unidentified bases || 0.042%
|}

Källa: Trout’s Notes on the Genus Desmodium<ref>[http://troutsnotes.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/D2_2004_Trout.pdf Trout’s Notes on the Genus Desmodium (1997), s.16]</ref>

==Videoklipp==
[[kategori:Artiklar med videoklipp]]
'''Entheographical Explorations : Global Research on the most viable 5-MeO-DMT containing plants'''{{#ev:youtube|vD1PwrdjhBE}}

==Externa länkar==
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